SMT2 formal verification of security-critical code paths
CVE-2026-33528 class: when path.Join(base, filename) uses untrusted filename, opening must be root-confined (os.OpenInRoot or equivalent). This catches sibling path traversal variants where joins exist but confinement is missing.
; benchmark generated from python API
(set-info :status unknown)
(declare-fun root_confined () Int)
(assert
(<= root_confined 1))
(assert
(>= root_confined 1))
(assert
(and (distinct root_confined 1) true))
(check-sat)